Today, the world is enduring evolution in universal economies and they are going forward quickly. These revolutions are due to the change of manufacturing-based economy into information-based one. On the other hand, business globalization among countries is expanding quickly.
National markets have been influenced by foreign and international (multinational) companies. Trading companies trying to survive and maintain competition with other countries and companies must globalize their commercial thoughts and instruments. One of these competitions are as is using the information technology.
However, it is clear that IT by creating a wide web for information which records the smallest events and information helps decision maker managers to make decisions and plan by analyzing the updated data in the web to make a bright future for themselves and their organization. IT enables managers to quickly control and coordinate the organization’s performance with the management with a quick feedback and solidarity using the quick process of information.
Information Technology’s (IT) Advantages:
IT has many capabilities in solving organizations’ problems. Some of IT’s advantages are mentioned below:
1. Improving the organization’s performance
2. Ability to do computations which were not possible before
3. Decreasing activities and paperwork, improving the quality and accuracy of tasks
4. Improving the decision making
5. More relationship and coordination in the institution level
6. Improving costumers’ services, making a linkage between costumers and goods suppliers
7. Decreasing the time of work processes, supporting the organizations’ strategies, improving the competition, and improving the redesign of work process.
The basic points of view in implementing IT:
There are two basic points of view in implementing IT in the organization which are necessary and correlative and organization’s management and IT management should consider it:
A) Engineering and Technical Point of View:
In the engineering and technical point of view, there are 5 dimensions which should be considered: Software (computer programs in order to achieve, process and produce information), hardware (process, storage and retrieval of information), human resource training (training involved forces and technological products’ consumers), raw data and information (data is the raw material of IT which should be reliable, precise and new), and communication systems (creating a connection among computers).
In this section, prioritization of successful components from time and selection of cases points of view are the most important elements in the IT structure.
B) Managing Point of view:
In managing point of view, designing and implementing information systems including DBMS, EIS, OA, DSS, MIS, are considered which are implemented and performed. Erl mentions five different views in planning IS/IT which indicate the maturity and process time.
Diagram 2-2 shows that in training,“first” organization’s maturity proportional to planning in IS/IT increases. According to his belief, in the first stage (circuit technology), organizations do not have a clear planning in using IS/IT.
Progressive establishment of systems and information technologies in the organization are done with the aim of managerial cognition and the main actors in establishing these systems are IT specialists.In the second stage (circuit method), it is recognized that using IS/IT should be done through analyzing business procedures and recognition of business needs.
Conclusions and Suggestions:
IT is not used widely in some companies and different organizational areas, and it is proposed to be expanded by personnel of IT in order to improve organizations’ performance and decrease human error and increase the speed and accuracy of doing tasks. Nowadays, managers who understand the necessities of organization correctly and dare improving their management are successful managers.
Because in the current difficult economic situation, they are more responsible for directing the limited resources in order to achieve the highest results and their mission for realizing the country’s advancement programs is great. Information technology (IT) as a factor in creating competitive superiority can overshadow the company’s objectives and changing of business procedure
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